With so many birth control methods available, most people
can find at least one type of contraceptive to suit their age and
circumstances. Here I list the main contraceptive methods with an analysis of
their effectiveness, safety, and convenience. You obtain additional information
from your doctor or from the Planned Parenthood Association.
Remember that neither partner uses a contraceptive; pregnancy
can occur without female orgasm, sometimes without full penetration, and even
if the women douches after sex. Also, breast feeding doesn’t protect a woman
against becoming pregnant. It is always better to be safe than to take the risk
of an unplanned conception. Although there are risks and failures attached to
the use of contraceptives, it should be emphasized that, with careful use, most
of them work safely most of the time.
Combined Pill
Possible side-effects - large breasts with big butt |
How it works – Synthetic progesterone and estrogen hormones
mimic those produced during pregnancy. Since no message is sent out for an egg
to be released, no ovulation takes place. Pills are taken for 21 days, followed
by 7 days of dummy pills or 7-pill-free days.
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Advantages – Easy and convenient to use. Regularizes
periods. Can reduce menstrual bleeding, period pain, and premenstrual tension.
Does not inhibit lovemaking. Might protect against cancer of the ovaries and
the uterus.
Disadvantages – Possible initial side-effects of nausea, headache,
sore breasts, water retention, depression and loss of libido. Possible risk of
thrombosis, possible link with breast and cervical cancer.
Comment – Not recommended for smokers over 35, those with a
family history of heart disease or strokes, and some diabetics.
Reliability – 98-99%
Condom
Don't put it in you wallet to expire! |
How it works – Worn over the penis during intercourse to
block the sperm
Advantages – Easy to use. Allow the man to take the
responsibility for birth control. Helps prevent passing of sexual diseases
(STD)
Disadvantages – Interrupts lovemaking. Can slip off or tear. Can impair sensitivity.
Comment – Must be held in place until withdrawal is
complete. Never reuse. Lubricate it with specially formulated jelly.
Reliability – 95-97% with careful use
Intrauterine Device (IUD)
Need no caption |
How it works – A device made of plastic. How it prevents a
fertilized egg from implanting or developing in the uterus is unknown.
Advantages – Effective immediately (unless you are
pregnant), especially suitable for those over 35 and those who have completed
their families. Does not interfere with lovemaking.
Disadvantages – Can be expelled from the body. Must be
replaced every year. Possibility of pelvic infection, which might cause
sterility. Chance of ectopic pregnancy.
Comment – Unsuitable for women with heavy periods. Must be
removed before starting a family.
Reliability – 95-98%
Spermicides
How it works – Spermicidal foams, creams, jellies and
suppositories contain nonoxynol-g and, as their name implies, kill sperms.
Advantages – Can be used at any age. Used at every sexual
contact can protect against some sexually transmitted diseases.
Disadvantages – Creams, jellies, and foams can be messy, and
more must be added if intercourse occurs more than 2 hours after insertion or
on a second occasion. Suppositories effective for 1 hour, 10 minutes after
insertion. Can cause irritation in men and women.
Comment – Require careful timing
Reliability – 82-92 percent with careful use
Injectable
Watch it! |
How it works – Synthetic hormone progesterone is injected
into muscle, and slowly released into the body, where it stops ovulation
Advantages – Depending on type, one injection is effective
for 8-12 weeks. Does not inhibit lovemaking
Disadvantages – Periods usually become irregular. Return of
regular period and fertility might be delayed up to a year after the last
injection.
Comment – Must be prescribed by a doctor. Mainly for women for
whom other methods are unsuitable. Link with cervical cancer not known.
Reliability – Over 99 percent.
Rhythm Method
Calendar Method - Only method approved by Roman Catholic Church |
How it works – The calendar method entails working out the
pattern of menstrual cycles to predict safe days. The temperature method
indicates a slight drop in temperature just before ovulation, and is considered
unreliable on its own. The Billings, or mucus, method relies on detecting
changes in cervical mucus near ovulation. The combination, or symptothermal,
method involves temperature recording, and noting changes in cervical mucus and
other symptoms of ovulation, such as backache and depression
Advantages – No side effect except sexual frustration.
Partners share the responsibility,
Disadvantages – Demands constant checking. Calendar method
is unsuitable if the Cycle is irregular. Unsuitable during times of change.
Temperature method can be unreliable. Billing method is difficult to learn.
Comment – The only method approved by the Roman Catholic
Church. Comparatively unreliable.
Coitus Interruptus
How it works – The penis is withdrawn from the vagina before
ejaculation.
The most frustrated method of all |
Advantages – No side effects except possible frustration.
Allows the man to take responsibility for birth control.
Disadvantages – Difficut to time exactly; some sperm can
enter vagina before withdrawal is complete.
Comment – Inefficient and unsatisfactory for many. Used
successfully in some cases, but requires a cooperative man.
Reliability – 75-80 percent.
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