Pills and Herbs for Cholesterol Problem

Medicines that fight high cholesterol are grouped as statins, fibrates, bile acid sequestrants (resins), nicotinic acid and cholesterol absorption inhibitors.

• Statins – Statins are the most commonly prescribed drugs and usually the first line of treatment for most people with high cholesterol. Statins slow down the rate of LDL production and speed up its destruction in the liver. These can reduce LDL levels up to 60 percent. The most common drugs in this group are Atorvastatin, Fluvastatin, Lovastatin, Pravastatin, Rosuvastatin and Simvastatin. There are also some side effects include constipation, cramping and upset stomach. Rarely, it could damage the liver, nerves and muscles.

• Fibrates – Fibrates or fibric acid derivatives help in reducing triglyceride content in the body by 20-50 per cent and increasing HDL levels by 15 percent. The commonly used drugs in this group are fenofibrate and gemfibrozil. When used with statins, fibrates may cause kidney problems. Other side effects include nausea, gallstones and elevated liver enzymes.

• Bile Acid Sequestrants (Resins) – Resins, or bile acid binding drugs, work by reducing the amount of fat and cholesterol absorbed by the intestines. These are usually used in conjunction with other cholesterol lowering drugs. It reduces the LDL by 10-20 per cent. The three drugs in this group are cholestyramine, colestipol and colesevelam. Side effect include bloating, constipation, nausea and interference with the absorption of other medications and nutrients.

• Nicotinic Acid – Niacin or Vitamin B works on the production of blood fats. High doses have shown to increase the lavels of HDL and lower the levels of LDL. It is important to take the right dose to get the maximum benefit. The possible adverse effects of nicotinic acid include high blood sugar, liver problems and upset stomach.

• Hebal Supplements – Studies in India and some western universities have shown that many traditional supplements and herbal medicines can help to maintain a healthy cholesterol level. Some of these are garlic, guggulipid, fenugreek seeds and leaves, artichoke leaf extract, holy basil, ginger, turmeric, cinnamon and rosemary. These commonly-used herbs and spices are being studied for their potential beneficial effects in the treatment of high cholesterol and heart diseases.